What is the function of the large bore needle in treating tension pneumothorax?

The function of the large bore needle in treating tension pneumothorax is to relieve pressure by decompressing the pleural space. In cases of tension pneumothorax, air accumulates in the pleural cavity and creates increasing pressure which can collapse the lung on the affected side and impair respiratory function. By inserting a large bore needle into the pleural space, healthcare providers can allow the trapped air to escape, thereby reducing the pressure and restoring the normal function of the lung.

This intervention is critical in emergency situations to prevent life-threatening respiratory failure. The rapid decompression achieved with the large bore needle allows immediate relief of symptoms and helps to stabilize the patient until more definitive treatment, such as chest tube insertion, can be performed.